As of 2022, South Africa hosted approximately 2.4 million international migrants, representing 3.9% of the population, primarily from the Southern African Development Community region. Public health professionals have highlighted the economic contributions of these immigrants, noting their role in fostering economic growth and diversity, according to Statistics South Africa (Stats SA).

South Africa is facing significant challenges regarding its treatment of migrants amidst high unemployment and civic frustration. This situation serves as a crucial test of the country's historical values, prompting a reflection on the solidarity that played a key role in its liberation, according to IOL.

The issue of illegal immigration in South Africa is often discussed in relation to the poor, but it also involves the middle class, which plays a role in sustaining undocumented labor. While low-income communities bear the brunt of the strain on public services, employers who exploit undocumented workers often evade accountability, shifting the blame to the government. This dynamic complicates the conversation surrounding immigration and labor practices.

South Africa is experiencing a significant anti-immigrant movement, highlighted by the March and March initiative advocating for the mass deportation of undocumented migrants by June 30, 2026. This movement has emerged amid rising unemployment, declining public services, and increasing insecurity, leading to heightened anti-immigrant violence and repatriation efforts by other African nations. While the movement's grievances are acknowledged, the underlying causes of the economic crisis are being debated.

Recent anti-immigration protests in South Africa are negatively impacting businesses across the continent, according to The South African Biz. The protests have led to a backlash that affects various sectors and operations of South African companies operating in Africa.

Xolela Mangcu discusses the significant contributions of immigrants to economic development across various labor market sectors. He emphasizes that immigrants have historically played a vital role in both low-skilled and high-skilled job markets, highlighting their importance in the overall economy.