As protests against illegal migrants surge in South Africa, President Ramaphosa's National Dialogue is confronted with its first significant challenge. This situation highlights pressing concerns regarding the initiative's ability to tackle entrenched social and economic disparities within the country.

Mandla Radebe argues that the #Mabahambe movement, which focuses on blaming foreigners for various issues, fails to address the deeper structural economic problems facing South Africa. According to Radebe, while such political narratives may provide temporary solutions, they do not resolve the country's fundamental national questions.

South Africa is experiencing a significant anti-immigrant movement, highlighted by the March and March initiative advocating for the mass deportation of undocumented migrants by June 30, 2026. This movement has emerged amid rising unemployment, declining public services, and increasing insecurity, leading to heightened anti-immigrant violence and repatriation efforts by other African nations. While the movement's grievances are acknowledged, the underlying causes of the economic crisis are being debated.

According to Al Jazeera, the ongoing crises in South Africa cannot be resolved by attributing blame to migrants. Instead, the focus should be on implementing genuine socio-economic reforms within the country, with the labour movement being identified as the most capable entity to advocate for these changes.

South Africa is facing significant challenges regarding its treatment of migrants amidst high unemployment and civic frustration. This situation serves as a crucial test of the country's historical values, prompting a reflection on the solidarity that played a key role in its liberation, according to IOL.

In early May 2026, anti-immigrant protests occurred in major South African cities, raising concerns about rising xenophobia in post-apartheid South Africa. President Cyril Ramaphosa urged citizens to show solidarity with their African neighbors, while foreign governments expressed their discontent. Police were deployed to manage the situation and prevent violence during the demonstrations, which featured participants in traditional Zulu attire, as seen in Johannesburg on April 29, 2026.