In Tanzania and across Africa, farmers are increasingly adopting agroecology, a sustainable agricultural approach that integrates ecological principles with local knowledge and innovation. This shift aims to enhance food security and resilience against climate shocks while improving productivity and income for households that rely on agriculture for their livelihoods.

In Kenya, nearly a third of the country's agricultural land is now controlled by individuals living in urban areas, a trend that has developed over the past two decades. This phenomenon is also observed in other African nations such as Ghana, Malawi, Tanzania, and Zambia. Urban residents are increasingly investing in rural farmlands, motivated by rising food prices, liberalized agricultural markets, and the growing demand for food in urbanizing regions, according to The Conversation Africa.

The world’s food systems are facing significant challenges, including climate change, nutrition insecurity, food safety, and unequal market access. According to The Conversation Africa, research has developed practical solutions that could benefit millions, but these solutions are not being widely implemented. The development sector has often focused on pilot projects rather than scaling successful innovations to address these urgent issues.

In South Africa, 47% of the population faces energy poverty, spending a significant portion of their income on inadequate electricity. The situation is worsening due to the growth of informal settlements, exacerbated by the Covid-19 pandemic. A study focused on the Qandu Qandu settlement examines the impact of a basic solar grant on providing cheaper electricity, raising questions about the viability of solar mini-grids as a solution for those leaving the traditional electricity network.

Johannesburg has taken out a significant loan to address its electricity issues, as the city's power infrastructure and billing systems require urgent improvements. A survey indicated that only 38% of residents were satisfied with their electricity services in 2023/2024, a sharp decline from 77% in 2017/18. The auditor general reported that the city allocated only 1% of its operating budget for maintenance in 2024/25, well below the recommended 8%.

The University of Johannesburg has been recognized as the top university in South Africa and Africa for its sustainability impact, achieving a global ranking of 39th in the 2026 Times Higher Education Sustainability Impact Ratings.